History
Kingdoms, crusades, plagues and the brutal reality behind the romantic legend.
A custom-made suit of armor was ordered by King Henry V in 1415, costing a small fortune. The transaction involved a staggering amount of gold, equivalent to a minor noble's annual income. This highlights the high cost of medieval armor, rivaling that of a modern fighter jet.
Medieval women warriors existed in large numbers, with women like Petronilla de Meath and Marguerite de Bressieux fighting in battles. Historian Kelly DeVries notes that these women played significant roles in 14th and 15th century rebellions. Their stories, although lesser-known, are a testament to the bravery of medieval women warriors.
The Children's Crusade was not a heroic event, but a slave trade. Historian Alberic of Trois-Fontaines recorded the event, noting participants were poor adults and children. The crusade ended in disaster with participants being sold into slavery
The Catholic Church wielded significant power over medieval Europeans, with excommunication being a drastic measure. This punishment stripped individuals of their royal authority and spiritual legitimacy. Historian Barbara Rosenwein notes the significance of excommunication during this period.
Viking trade routes connected Greenland to Baghdad, exchanging silver and slaves. The network was extensive, with major hubs like Hedeby in Denmark. Ottar's account to King Alfred provides valuable insights into this complex trade system.
Medieval shepherds were wealthy and powerful, with their own armies. They played a significant role in medieval Europe's economy and society. Their military prowess was showcased in several battles, including the defeat of a noble army in Meaux, France.
The Hanseatic League signed a trade agreement with King Haakon VI of Norway in 1368. This event marked a significant milestone in the region's economic history, establishing the League's dominance in the salted herring trade. The trade brought great wealth to Northern Europe through the export of salted herring.
Medieval monks created mechanical clocks to regulate their daily routines and prayers. The first recorded mention of a mechanical clock was by English monk Robertus Anglicus in 1275. This innovation revolutionized timekeeping and paved the way for modern clocks.
The Papal Schism began in 1378 with two popes, Urban VI and Clement VII, each claiming legitimacy. The schism lasted for nearly 40 years, causing significant internal conflict within the Catholic Church. The division ultimately ended with the election of a new pope, Martin V, in 1417.
Medieval hygiene was a moral issue, with bathing considered sinful by some. The Catholic Church played a significant role in shaping these beliefs. Excessive bathing was seen as a danger to one's spiritual health.
The English army, led by King Henry V, clashed with the French army near Agincourt. The English forces, though exhausted and hungry, outmaneuvered the French knights with their longbows. The battle resulted in a significant English victory despite being vastly outnumbered.
The mace was a significant weapon for medieval priests, symbolizing their authority and power. Unlike common perception, the mace was not used for bloodshed by priests, but rather as a symbol of their status. The mace held a different significance for medieval priests, representing their role in society.
The Reconquista was a long and complex process that shaped Spain's identity. It lasted for 800 years, involving various battles and conquests. The capture of Toledo marked a significant turning point in this process.
Medieval hunting laws were brutal and strictly enforced. Poaching was punishable by death for killing certain animals. These laws were intended to preserve game for the nobility.
The Alhambra Decree led to the expulsion of 200,000 Jews from Spain in 1492. This event had far-reaching consequences for Spain's economy and social fabric. The decree is considered a self-inflicted economic disaster by historians.
The medieval postal system was efficient, with letters traveling over 300 miles in just two days. Historian Wolfgang Behringer notes that this was not an isolated incident, but rather a testament to the system's efficiency. The medieval postal system outpaced its 19th century counterparts in terms of speed and reliability
The Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre occurred on August 24, 1572, in Paris. Catherine de' Medici and Charles IX orchestrated the attack on Protestants. The massacre was a pivotal moment in French history during intense religious conflict.
King Edward I recalled all coins due to clipping and counterfeiting. This move aimed to restore the English currency. The recall was a drastic measure to address the dire state of medieval money.
Francesco Bussone da Carmagnola was a skilled mercenary captain hired by Venice. He achieved impressive military victories, making him a valuable asset. However, his success ultimately led to his execution in St. Mark's Square.
Medieval society was heavily influenced by numerology, with certain numbers holding significant meaning. The number 666 was particularly feared, being associated with the Antichrist. This fear was widespread, with many recording visions and signs related to the number.
The Byzantine Empire lost its silk monopoly in 552 AD when two monks smuggled silkworms from China. They traveled over 4,000 miles with the precious cargo hidden in hollow walking sticks. This daring act ended the empire's dependence on imported silk.
Medieval women used various herbs and items to prevent pregnancy. Historian Dr. Monica Green notes such practices were common. Women's use of contraception methods was widespread across Europe by 1350.
The Crusader States were established after Christian crusaders captured Jerusalem in 1099. Historian Thomas Asbridge attributes this event to Pope Urban II's 1095 call to arms. The Crusader States lasted for 200 years, with 100,000 Europeans ruling over 4 million Muslims.
Medieval pilgrimages to Jerusalem were a growing trend, with 200,000 people walking each year. Historian Ekkehard of Aura documented a large group of pilgrims departing from Speyer, Germany in 1065. By the mid-12th century, the number of pilgrims had reached staggering proportions.